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e. T. WALOH.. I LIGHTNING CONDUCTOR.

No. 508,068.v Patented Nov. 7, 1893.

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No. 508,068. Y Patented Nov. 7, 1893.

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GUSTAV THEODOR WALCH, OF KAUFBEU REN, GERMANY.

LIGHTNING-CONDUCTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 508,068, dated November7, 1893.

Application iled February 21, 1898. Serial No. 463,193- (No model.)Patented iii England January k6, 1893, No. 336; in Switzerl land January16,1893, No. 6,117; in Belgium January 31,1893,No.102,889; in ItalyFebruary 1, 1893,1T0. 33,389/366; in Spain February 20, 1893, No.111.139, and in France March 28,1893, No. 226,941.

To aZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GUsrAv THEoDoR WALSH, a subject of the King ofBavaria, residing at Kaufbeuren, in the said Kingdom of Bavaria, GermanEmpire,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in LightningConductors, (for which Letters Patent have been obtained in France, No.226,944, dated March 28, 1893; in Belgium, No. 102,889, dated January3l, 1893; iii England, No. 336,

c dated January 6, 1893; in Switzerland, No.

6,117, dated January 16, 1893; in Spain, No. 14,139, dated February 20,1893, and in Italy, No. 33,389/ 366, dated February 1, 1893,) of whichthe following is a full, clearand exact description.

My invention has relation to lightning conductors, and among the objectsin View is to provide an inexpensive and simple lightning conductorwhich is adapted to be readily applied to any building or otherstructure, and when so applied will be exceedingly strong and durable;also, to provide a lightning conductor which is adapted to protect theridge of a roof for example; also, to `provide improved means forsecuring the point to the upper end of the conductingwire by whichalarge contact surface between the two 1s secured and oxidationprevented, and with the above and certain other' objects in View. 4

The invention consists in the peculiar con` struction, arrangement and'combination Vof parts, al1 as hereinafter fully described, illustratedin the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 'is an elevation, partly in section, of aportion of my improved conductor and illustrating the same applied to astructure. Fig. 2 is an edge view of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlargedView in vertical section showing the connection between the conductingwires, casing and supporting frame. Fig. 4 is a like view partly inelevation showing the connection between the point and the conductingwire. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of Fig. taken through thepoint of connection. Fig. 6 is a diagramillustrating differentmethods ofconnecting the wires, and Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional elevationshowing the manner of arranging and connecting double conductin Wires.

Referring tothe above-described drawings, and more particularly to Figs.1, 2, and 3, A indicates a casing which by preference consists of anumber of tubular sections or sleeves a, which are joined together bymeans of suitable unions or sleeves b, which are cross-I C indicates asuitable supporting frame,

comprising the vertically-arranged side pieces or bars c, which areadapted to be secured to the roof girders by any suitable means, as forinstance, by means of the connecting bolts or rods c', and plates orrods c2, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. For the purpose of securing thecasing A to the supporting frame, I employ preferably the means shownmore plainly in' Figs. 1 and 3 and which consist of blocks d, which arethreaded externally'and are screwed into the horizontal arms of thecross sleeves b, each of said blocks being provided with the threadedbolts or pins c, which pass through openings e in the side bars of theframe C, and are secured theretoby the nuts e2. Thus ,it will be seenthat the various parts of my device are detachably secured together andto the structure, and adapted to be readily taken apart and removed fromthe said structure for any purpose.

g indicates the main conducting wire which passes freely through thesections a, and connecting sleeves, and for the purpose of connectingthe ends of a number of wires when thisv is necessary, 1 employ'unionsor sleeves f, preferably of copper, the number and posi- The length of vtion of the arms of which will vary with the number and position of theconducting wires to be secured thereby, said sleeves f, being threadedexternally at their upper ends and screwing within the lower arms of thesleeves b.

As shown in Fig. l, the ends of the conducting wires g to be connected,pass through the vertical arms of the sleeves f and are secured thereinby screws g', and if desired solder may be used also, to further securethe wires. If, however, there is but one conducting wire it is passedthrough the sleeve as shown in Fig. 8, the provision of any securingscrews being here rendered unnecessary.

If it be desired to employ branch conducting wire or wires for theprotection of the ridge of a roof, I pass such wire or wires, such as h,through the horizontal arms of the sleeves f, and secure them by screwsf3, and I also pass said wires through openings f2 in the side arms e,of frame C. Where there is no special conducting wire for a ridge of aroof required, as for example in the case of towers or spires, thehorizontal arms of the sleeves f, are dispensed with.

For securing the point t', to the casing A, the latter is screw-threadedexternally at its upper end and upon it is screwed a nut 7c which latterserves to engage and secure a shoulder t" of the point, between it andthe upper edge of the casing. For establishing a connection between thepoint i, and the conducting wire so as to obtain a large contact surfacebetween the two, and at the same time prevent oxidation l form withinthe lower end of the point and adjacent to the central perforationthereof a second perforation Z, located to one side of or eccentricallyto the said central perforation, and merging into or joining it, as seenmore plainly in Fig. 5, and the conducting wire after being passedthrough thesleeves Z9, f, is forced into the perforation Z, and isthereby secured.

The object of the second perforation Z, ar-

f ranged eecentrically to and merging into the central perforation is toenable the wire g, to be easily inserted in the point, which wouldhowever, be a rather difcult operation were said second perforation notprovided, for in that case the usual twisted wire would in being driveninto the central opening be apt to bulge and thus notbe driven farenough into the point. Or, it would be necessary to employ awire havinga smaller diameter which however, would prevent the wire and point fromcoming into contact at all points, as they should. By the aid of theperforation Z, I am enabled to employ a comparatively thick wire andeasily insert the same into the partlyopen eccentric perforation andsecure alarge contact surface on the closed side of the saidperforation.

In Fig. 7 I show a sleeve f, secured to a sleeve b, said sleeve j',being provided with two branches fx through one of which passes the mainwire g, and through the other passes the branch wire 7i, each wire beingsecured by a screw f4. Y

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

I. In a lightning conductor, the combination with a casing, and a `mainconducting wire passing through said casing, of a branch conducting wirein electrical connection with said main wire, and a frame to which saideasing is secured, as described.

2. In a lightning conductor, the combina` tion with a casing, and a mainconducting wire passing vertically through said easing, of a branchconducting wire in electrical connection with said main wire, and aframe to which said casing is detachably secured.

3. In a lightning conductor, the combination with a casing composed of anumber of sections, sleeves connecting said sections, a supplementarysleeve connected to one of the said sleeves a main conducting wirepassing through the said sections, and a branch conducting wire passingthrough the supplementary sleeve as described.

il. In a lightning conductor, the combination with a conducting wire,and a Vcasing therefor, of a cross-shaped sleeve, for the purposespecified.

5. In a lightning conductor, the combination of a casing composed of anumber of seetions, cross-shaped sleeves connecting said sections, aconducting wire passing through the casing sections, a supporting frame,and means forconnecting said cross-shaped sleeves to said frame, asdescribed.

6. In a lightning conductor, the combination with a casing composed of anumber of sections, cross-shaped sleeves having threaded vertical andhorizontal arms, and into the vertical arms whereof the said sectionsare screwed, a supporting frame, a conducting wire passing through thesections and connecting sleeves, and means for connecting the casing tothe said frame consisting of blocks screwing within the horizontal armsof the sleeves, and provided with threaded pins passing through theframe, and nuts screwing upon the said pins, as described.

7. In a lightning conductor, the combination with a casing composed of anumber of sections, cross-shaped sleeves having threaded vertical andhorizontal arms and into the vertical arms whereof the said sections arescrewed, a supporting frame, a conducting wire passing through thesections and connecting sleeves, and means for connecting the easin g tothe said frame consisting of blocks screwing Within the horizontal armsof the sleeves and provided with threaded pins pass ing through theframe and nuts screwing upon the said pins, of cross-shapedsupplementary sleeves screwing within the lower threaded arms of one ofthe aforesaid sleeves, and branch conducting wires secured within saidsupplementary sleeves, as described.

8. In a lightning conductor, the combina:

IOO

tion witheJA conducting wire, of a,- point` prof vided with a centralperforation in its lower end and a second perforation adjacent to thefirst perforation and into which said conducting wire is secured.

9. In .a lightning conductor, the combination with a conducting Wire anda casing therefor provided with an externally-threaded upper end, of apoint within which, said wire is secured, and provided with a shoulder,and a nut screwing upon the upper end of the casing and adapted toengage the said shouldenras and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereto set my hand in the presence of thetwo subscribing 15 witnesses.

i. GUSTAV THEODOR WALCH. Witnesses:

OTTO WOLFF, v Patent Agent, Dresden. HUGO DUMMER,

Engineer, Dresden.

